includes/filebackend/SwiftFileBackend.php

   1 <?php
   2 /**
   3  * OpenStack Swift based file backend.
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
   8  * (at your option) any later version.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
  16  * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
  17  * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
  18  * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
  19  *
  20  * @file
  21  * @ingroup FileBackend
  22  * @author Russ Nelson
  23  * @author Aaron Schulz
  24  */
  25
  26 /**
  27  * @brief Class for an OpenStack Swift (or Ceph RGW) based file backend.
  28  *
  29  * Status messages should avoid mentioning the Swift account name.
  30  * Likewise, error suppression should be used to avoid path disclosure.
  31  *
  32  * @ingroup FileBackend
  33  * @since 1.19
  34  */
  35 class SwiftFileBackend extends FileBackendStore {
  36         /** @var MultiHttpClient */
  37         protected $http;
  38
  39         /** @var int TTL in seconds */
  40         protected $authTTL;
  41
  42         /** @var string Authentication base URL (without version) */
  43         protected $swiftAuthUrl;
  44
  45         /** @var string Swift user (account:user) to authenticate as */
  46         protected $swiftUser;
  47
  48         /** @var string Secret key for user */
  49         protected $swiftKey;
  50
  51         /** @var string Shared secret value for making temp URLs */
  52         protected $swiftTempUrlKey;
  53
  54         /** @var string S3 access key (RADOS Gateway) */
  55         protected $rgwS3AccessKey;
  56
  57         /** @var string S3 authentication key (RADOS Gateway) */
  58         protected $rgwS3SecretKey;
  59
  60         /** @var BagOStuff */
  61         protected $srvCache;
  62
  63         /** @var ProcessCacheLRU Container stat cache */
  64         protected $containerStatCache;
  65
  66         /** @var array */
  67         protected $authCreds;
  68
  69         /** @var int UNIX timestamp */
  70         protected $authSessionTimestamp = 0;
  71
  72         /** @var int UNIX timestamp */
  73         protected $authErrorTimestamp = null;
  74
  75         /**
  76          * @see FileBackendStore::__construct()
  77          * Additional $config params include:
  78          *   - swiftAuthUrl       : Swift authentication server URL
  79          *   - swiftUser          : Swift user used by MediaWiki (account:username)
  80          *   - swiftKey           : Swift authentication key for the above user
  81          *   - swiftAuthTTL       : Swift authentication TTL (seconds)
  82          *   - swiftTempUrlKey    : Swift "X-Account-Meta-Temp-URL-Key" value on the account.
  83          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  84          *   - shardViaHashLevels : Map of container names to sharding config with:
  85          *                             - base   : base of hash characters, 16 or 36
  86          *                             - levels : the number of hash levels (and digits)
  87          *                             - repeat : hash subdirectories are prefixed with all the
  88          *                                        parent hash directory names (e.g. "a/ab/abc")
  89          *   - cacheAuthInfo      : Whether to cache authentication tokens in APC, XCache, ect.
  90          *                          If those are not available, then the main cache will be used.
  91          *                          This is probably insecure in shared hosting environments.
  92          *   - rgwS3AccessKey     : Rados Gateway S3 "access key" value on the account.
  93          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  94          *                          This is used for generating expiring pre-authenticated URLs.
  95          *                          Only use this when using rgw and to work around
  96          *                          http://tracker.newdream.net/issues/3454.
  97          *   - rgwS3SecretKey     : Rados Gateway S3 "secret key" value on the account.
  98          *                          Do not set this until it has been set in the backend.
  99          *                          This is used for generating expiring pre-authenticated URLs.
 100          *                          Only use this when using rgw and to work around
 101          *                          http://tracker.newdream.net/issues/3454.
 102          */
 103         public function __construct( array $config ) {
 104                 parent::__construct( $config );
 105                 // Required settings
 106                 $this->swiftAuthUrl = $config['swiftAuthUrl'];
 107                 $this->swiftUser = $config['swiftUser'];
 108                 $this->swiftKey = $config['swiftKey'];
 109                 // Optional settings
 110                 $this->authTTL = isset( $config['swiftAuthTTL'] )
 111                         ? $config['swiftAuthTTL']
 112                         : 5 * 60; // some sane number
 113                 $this->swiftTempUrlKey = isset( $config['swiftTempUrlKey'] )
 114                         ? $config['swiftTempUrlKey']
 115                         : '';
 116                 $this->shardViaHashLevels = isset( $config['shardViaHashLevels'] )
 117                         ? $config['shardViaHashLevels']
 118                         : '';
 119                 $this->rgwS3AccessKey = isset( $config['rgwS3AccessKey'] )
 120                         ? $config['rgwS3AccessKey']
 121                         : '';
 122                 $this->rgwS3SecretKey = isset( $config['rgwS3SecretKey'] )
 123                         ? $config['rgwS3SecretKey']
 124                         : '';
 125                 // HTTP helper client
 126                 $this->http = new MultiHttpClient( array() );
 127                 // Cache container information to mask latency
 128                 $this->memCache = wfGetMainCache();
 129                 // Process cache for container info
 130                 $this->containerStatCache = new ProcessCacheLRU( 300 );
 131                 // Cache auth token information to avoid RTTs
 132                 if ( !empty( $config['cacheAuthInfo'] ) ) {
 133                         if ( PHP_SAPI === 'cli' ) {
 134                                 $this->srvCache = wfGetMainCache(); // preferrably memcached
 135                         } else {
 136                                 try { // look for APC, XCache, WinCache, ect...
 137                                         $this->srvCache = ObjectCache::newAccelerator( array() );
 138                                 } catch ( Exception $e ) {
 139                                 }
 140                         }
 141                 }
 142                 $this->srvCache = $this->srvCache ?: new EmptyBagOStuff();
 143         }
 144
 145         public function getFeatures() {
 146                 return ( FileBackend::ATTR_HEADERS | FileBackend::ATTR_METADATA );
 147         }
 148
 149         protected function resolveContainerPath( $container, $relStoragePath ) {
 150                 if ( !mb_check_encoding( $relStoragePath, 'UTF-8' ) ) { // mb_string required by CF
 151                         return null; // not UTF-8, makes it hard to use CF and the swift HTTP API
 152                 } elseif ( strlen( urlencode( $relStoragePath ) ) > 1024 ) {
 153                         return null; // too long for Swift
 154                 }
 155
 156                 return $relStoragePath;
 157         }
 158
 159         public function isPathUsableInternal( $storagePath ) {
 160                 list( $container, $rel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $storagePath );
 161                 if ( $rel === null ) {
 162                         return false; // invalid
 163                 }
 164
 165                 return is_array( $this->getContainerStat( $container ) );
 166         }
 167
 168         /**
 169          * Sanitize and filter the custom headers from a $params array.
 170          * We only allow certain Content- and X-Content- headers.
 171          *
 172          * @param array $headers
 173          * @return array Sanitized value of 'headers' field in $params
 174          */
 175         protected function sanitizeHdrs( array $params ) {
 176                 $headers = array();
 177
 178                 // Normalize casing, and strip out illegal headers
 179                 if ( isset( $params['headers'] ) ) {
 180                         foreach ( $params['headers'] as $name => $value ) {
 181                                 $name = strtolower( $name );
 182                                 if ( preg_match( '/^content-(type|length)$/', $name ) ) {
 183                                         continue; // blacklisted
 184                                 } elseif ( preg_match( '/^(x-)?content-/', $name ) ) {
 185                                         $headers[$name] = $value; // allowed
 186                                 } elseif ( preg_match( '/^content-(disposition)/', $name ) ) {
 187                                         $headers[$name] = $value; // allowed
 188                                 }
 189                         }
 190                 }
 191                 // By default, Swift has annoyingly low maximum header value limits
 192                 if ( isset( $headers['content-disposition'] ) ) {
 193                         $disposition = '';
 194                         foreach ( explode( ';', $headers['content-disposition'] ) as $part ) {
 195                                 $part = trim( $part );
 196                                 $new = ( $disposition === '' ) ? $part : "{$disposition};{$part}";
 197                                 if ( strlen( $new ) <= 255 ) {
 198                                         $disposition = $new;
 199                                 } else {
 200                                         break; // too long; sigh
 201                                 }
 202                         }
 203                         $headers['content-disposition'] = $disposition;
 204                 }
 205
 206                 return $headers;
 207         }
 208
 209         protected function doCreateInternal( array $params ) {
 210                 $status = Status::newGood();
 211
 212                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 213                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 214                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 215
 216                         return $status;
 217                 }
 218
 219                 $sha1Hash = wfBaseConvert( sha1( $params['content'] ), 16, 36, 31 );
 220                 $contentType = $this->getContentType( $params['dst'], $params['content'], null );
 221
 222                 $reqs = array( array(
 223                         'method' => 'PUT',
 224                         'url' => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 225                         'headers' => array(
 226                                 'content-length' => strlen( $params['content'] ),
 227                                 'etag' => md5( $params['content'] ),
 228                                 'content-type' => $contentType,
 229                                 'x-object-meta-sha1base36' => $sha1Hash
 230                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ),
 231                         'body' => $params['content']
 232                 ) );
 233
 234                 $be = $this;
 235                 $method = __METHOD__;
 236                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 237                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 238                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 239                                 // good
 240                         } elseif ( $rcode === 412 ) {
 241                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-contenttype', $params['dst'] );
 242                         } else {
 243                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 244                         }
 245                 };
 246
 247                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 248                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 249                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 250                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 251                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 252                 }
 253
 254                 return $status;
 255         }
 256
 257         protected function doStoreInternal( array $params ) {
 258                 $status = Status::newGood();
 259
 260                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 261                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 262                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 263
 264                         return $status;
 265                 }
 266
 267                 wfSuppressWarnings();
 268                 $sha1Hash = sha1_file( $params['src'] );
 269                 wfRestoreWarnings();
 270                 if ( $sha1Hash === false ) { // source doesn't exist?
 271                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-store', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 272
 273                         return $status;
 274                 }
 275                 $sha1Hash = wfBaseConvert( $sha1Hash, 16, 36, 31 );
 276                 $contentType = $this->getContentType( $params['dst'], null, $params['src'] );
 277
 278                 $handle = fopen( $params['src'], 'rb' );
 279                 if ( $handle === false ) { // source doesn't exist?
 280                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-store', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 281
 282                         return $status;
 283                 }
 284
 285                 $reqs = array( array(
 286                         'method' => 'PUT',
 287                         'url' => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 288                         'headers' => array(
 289                                 'content-length' => filesize( $params['src'] ),
 290                                 'etag' => md5_file( $params['src'] ),
 291                                 'content-type' => $contentType,
 292                                 'x-object-meta-sha1base36' => $sha1Hash
 293                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ),
 294                         'body' => $handle // resource
 295                 ) );
 296
 297                 $be = $this;
 298                 $method = __METHOD__;
 299                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 300                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 301                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 302                                 // good
 303                         } elseif ( $rcode === 412 ) {
 304                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-contenttype', $params['dst'] );
 305                         } else {
 306                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 307                         }
 308                 };
 309
 310                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 311                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 312                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 313                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 314                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 315                 }
 316
 317                 return $status;
 318         }
 319
 320         protected function doCopyInternal( array $params ) {
 321                 $status = Status::newGood();
 322
 323                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 324                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 325                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 326
 327                         return $status;
 328                 }
 329
 330                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 331                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 332                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 333
 334                         return $status;
 335                 }
 336
 337                 $reqs = array( array(
 338                         'method' => 'PUT',
 339                         'url' => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 340                         'headers' => array(
 341                                 'x-copy-from' => '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) .
 342                                         '/' . str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $srcRel ) )
 343                         ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ), // extra headers merged into object
 344                 ) );
 345
 346                 $be = $this;
 347                 $method = __METHOD__;
 348                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 349                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 350                         if ( $rcode === 201 ) {
 351                                 // good
 352                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 353                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-copy', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 354                         } else {
 355                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 356                         }
 357                 };
 358
 359                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 360                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 361                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 362                 } else { // actually write the object in Swift
 363                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 364                 }
 365
 366                 return $status;
 367         }
 368
 369         protected function doMoveInternal( array $params ) {
 370                 $status = Status::newGood();
 371
 372                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 373                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 374                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 375
 376                         return $status;
 377                 }
 378
 379                 list( $dstCont, $dstRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['dst'] );
 380                 if ( $dstRel === null ) {
 381                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['dst'] );
 382
 383                         return $status;
 384                 }
 385
 386                 $reqs = array(
 387                         array(
 388                                 'method' => 'PUT',
 389                                 'url' => array( $dstCont, $dstRel ),
 390                                 'headers' => array(
 391                                         'x-copy-from' => '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) .
 392                                                 '/' . str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $srcRel ) )
 393                                 ) + $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ) // extra headers merged into object
 394                         )
 395                 );
 396                 if ( "{$srcCont}/{$srcRel}" !== "{$dstCont}/{$dstRel}" ) {
 397                         $reqs[] = array(
 398                                 'method' => 'DELETE',
 399                                 'url' => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 400                                 'headers' => array()
 401                         );
 402                 }
 403
 404                 $be = $this;
 405                 $method = __METHOD__;
 406                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 407                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 408                         if ( $request['method'] === 'PUT' && $rcode === 201 ) {
 409                                 // good
 410                         } elseif ( $request['method'] === 'DELETE' && $rcode === 204 ) {
 411                                 // good
 412                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 413                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-move', $params['src'], $params['dst'] );
 414                         } else {
 415                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 416                         }
 417                 };
 418
 419                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 420                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 421                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 422                 } else { // actually move the object in Swift
 423                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 424                 }
 425
 426                 return $status;
 427         }
 428
 429         protected function doDeleteInternal( array $params ) {
 430                 $status = Status::newGood();
 431
 432                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 433                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 434                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 435
 436                         return $status;
 437                 }
 438
 439                 $reqs = array( array(
 440                         'method' => 'DELETE',
 441                         'url' => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 442                         'headers' => array()
 443                 ) );
 444
 445                 $be = $this;
 446                 $method = __METHOD__;
 447                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 448                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 449                         if ( $rcode === 204 ) {
 450                                 // good
 451                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 452                                 if ( empty( $params['ignoreMissingSource'] ) ) {
 453                                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-delete', $params['src'] );
 454                                 }
 455                         } else {
 456                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 457                         }
 458                 };
 459
 460                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 461                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 462                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 463                 } else { // actually delete the object in Swift
 464                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 465                 }
 466
 467                 return $status;
 468         }
 469
 470         protected function doDescribeInternal( array $params ) {
 471                 $status = Status::newGood();
 472
 473                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 474                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 475                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
 476
 477                         return $status;
 478                 }
 479
 480                 // Fetch the old object headers/metadata...this should be in stat cache by now
 481                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( array( 'src' => $params['src'], 'latest' => 1 ) );
 482                 if ( $stat && !isset( $stat['xattr'] ) ) { // older cache entry
 483                         $stat = $this->doGetFileStat( array( 'src' => $params['src'], 'latest' => 1 ) );
 484                 }
 485                 if ( !$stat ) {
 486                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-describe', $params['src'] );
 487
 488                         return $status;
 489                 }
 490
 491                 // POST clears prior headers, so we need to merge the changes in to the old ones
 492                 $metaHdrs = array();
 493                 foreach ( $stat['xattr']['metadata'] as $name => $value ) {
 494                         $metaHdrs["x-object-meta-$name"] = $value;
 495                 }
 496                 $customHdrs = $this->sanitizeHdrs( $params ) + $stat['xattr']['headers'];
 497
 498                 $reqs = array( array(
 499                         'method' => 'POST',
 500                         'url' => array( $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 501                         'headers' => $metaHdrs + $customHdrs
 502                 ) );
 503
 504                 $be = $this;
 505                 $method = __METHOD__;
 506                 $handler = function ( array $request, Status $status ) use ( $be, $method, $params ) {
 507                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $request['response'];
 508                         if ( $rcode === 202 ) {
 509                                 // good
 510                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 511                                 $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-describe', $params['src'] );
 512                         } else {
 513                                 $be->onError( $status, $method, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 514                         }
 515                 };
 516
 517                 $opHandle = new SwiftFileOpHandle( $this, $handler, $reqs );
 518                 if ( !empty( $params['async'] ) ) { // deferred
 519                         $status->value = $opHandle;
 520                 } else { // actually change the object in Swift
 521                         $status->merge( current( $this->doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array( $opHandle ) ) ) );
 522                 }
 523
 524                 return $status;
 525         }
 526
 527         protected function doPrepareInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 528                 $status = Status::newGood();
 529
 530                 // (a) Check if container already exists
 531                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 532                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 533                         return $status; // already there
 534                 } elseif ( $stat === null ) {
 535                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 536
 537                         return $status;
 538                 }
 539
 540                 // (b) Create container as needed with proper ACLs
 541                 if ( $stat === false ) {
 542                         $params['op'] = 'prepare';
 543                         $status->merge( $this->createContainer( $fullCont, $params ) );
 544                 }
 545
 546                 return $status;
 547         }
 548
 549         protected function doSecureInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 550                 $status = Status::newGood();
 551                 if ( empty( $params['noAccess'] ) ) {
 552                         return $status; // nothing to do
 553                 }
 554
 555                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 556                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 557                         // Make container private to end-users...
 558                         $status->merge( $this->setContainerAccess(
 559                                 $fullCont,
 560                                 array( $this->swiftUser ), // read
 561                                 array( $this->swiftUser ) // write
 562                         ) );
 563                 } elseif ( $stat === false ) {
 564                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-usable', $params['dir'] );
 565                 } else {
 566                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 567                 }
 568
 569                 return $status;
 570         }
 571
 572         protected function doPublishInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 573                 $status = Status::newGood();
 574
 575                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont );
 576                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
 577                         // Make container public to end-users...
 578                         $status->merge( $this->setContainerAccess(
 579                                 $fullCont,
 580                                 array( $this->swiftUser, '.r:*' ), // read
 581                                 array( $this->swiftUser ) // write
 582                         ) );
 583                 } elseif ( $stat === false ) {
 584                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-usable', $params['dir'] );
 585                 } else {
 586                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 587                 }
 588
 589                 return $status;
 590         }
 591
 592         protected function doCleanInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 593                 $status = Status::newGood();
 594
 595                 // Only containers themselves can be removed, all else is virtual
 596                 if ( $dir != '' ) {
 597                         return $status; // nothing to do
 598                 }
 599
 600                 // (a) Check the container
 601                 $stat = $this->getContainerStat( $fullCont, true );
 602                 if ( $stat === false ) {
 603                         return $status; // ok, nothing to do
 604                 } elseif ( !is_array( $stat ) ) {
 605                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
 606
 607                         return $status;
 608                 }
 609
 610                 // (b) Delete the container if empty
 611                 if ( $stat['count'] == 0 ) {
 612                         $params['op'] = 'clean';
 613                         $status->merge( $this->deleteContainer( $fullCont, $params ) );
 614                 }
 615
 616                 return $status;
 617         }
 618
 619         protected function doGetFileStat( array $params ) {
 620                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
 621                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
 622                         return false; // invalid storage path
 623                 }
 624
 625                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 626                 if ( !$auth ) {
 627                         return null;
 628                 }
 629
 630                 // (a) Check the container
 631                 $cstat = $this->getContainerStat( $srcCont, true );
 632                 if ( $cstat === false ) {
 633                         return false; // ok, nothing to do
 634                 } elseif ( !is_array( $cstat ) ) {
 635                         return null;
 636                 }
 637
 638                 // (b) Check the file
 639                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
 640                         'method' => 'HEAD',
 641                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 642                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $this->headersFromParams( $params )
 643                 ) );
 644                 if ( $rcode === 200 || $rcode === 204 ) {
 645                         // Update the object if it is missing some headers
 646                         $rhdrs = $this->addMissingMetadata( $rhdrs, $params['src'] );
 647                         // Fetch all of the custom metadata headers
 648                         $metadata = array();
 649                         foreach ( $rhdrs as $name => $value ) {
 650                                 if ( strpos( $name, 'x-object-meta-' ) === 0 ) {
 651                                         $metadata[substr( $name, strlen( 'x-object-meta-' ) )] = $value;
 652                                 }
 653                         }
 654                         // Fetch all of the custom raw HTTP headers
 655                         $headers = $this->sanitizeHdrs( array( 'headers' => $rhdrs ) );
 656                         $stat = array(
 657                                 // Convert various random Swift dates to TS_MW
 658                                 'mtime' => $this->convertSwiftDate( $rhdrs['last-modified'], TS_MW ),
 659                                 // Empty objects actually return no content-length header in Ceph
 660                                 'size' => isset( $rhdrs['content-length'] ) ? (int)$rhdrs['content-length'] : 0,
 661                                 'sha1' => $rhdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'],
 662                                 'md5' => ctype_xdigit( $rhdrs['etag'] ) ? $rhdrs['etag'] : null,
 663                                 'xattr' => array( 'metadata' => $metadata, 'headers' => $headers )
 664                         );
 665                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 666                         $stat = false;
 667                 } else {
 668                         $stat = null;
 669                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 670                 }
 671
 672                 return $stat;
 673         }
 674
 675         /**
 676          * Convert dates like "Tue, 03 Jan 2012 22:01:04 GMT"/"2013-05-11T07:37:27.678360Z".
 677          * Dates might also come in like "2013-05-11T07:37:27.678360" from Swift listings,
 678          * missing the timezone suffix (though Ceph RGW does not appear to have this bug).
 679          *
 680          * @param string $ts
 681          * @param int $format Output format (TS_* constant)
 682          * @return string
 683          * @throws FileBackendError
 684          */
 685         protected function convertSwiftDate( $ts, $format = TS_MW ) {
 686                 try {
 687                         $timestamp = new MWTimestamp( $ts );
 688
 689                         return $timestamp->getTimestamp( $format );
 690                 } catch ( MWException $e ) {
 691                         throw new FileBackendError( $e->getMessage() );
 692                 }
 693         }
 694
 695         /**
 696          * Fill in any missing object metadata and save it to Swift
 697          *
 698          * @param array $objHdrs Object response headers
 699          * @param string $path Storage path to object
 700          * @return array New headers
 701          */
 702         protected function addMissingMetadata( array $objHdrs, $path ) {
 703                 if ( isset( $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] ) ) {
 704                         return $objHdrs; // nothing to do
 705                 }
 706
 707                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ );
 708                 trigger_error( "$path was not stored with SHA-1 metadata.", E_USER_WARNING );
 709
 710                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 711                 if ( !$auth ) {
 712                         $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = false;
 713
 714                         return $objHdrs; // failed
 715                 }
 716
 717                 $status = Status::newGood();
 718                 $scopeLockS = $this->getScopedFileLocks( array( $path ), LockManager::LOCK_UW, $status );
 719                 if ( $status->isOK() ) {
 720                         $tmpFile = $this->getLocalCopy( array( 'src' => $path, 'latest' => 1 ) );
 721                         if ( $tmpFile ) {
 722                                 $hash = $tmpFile->getSha1Base36();
 723                                 if ( $hash !== false ) {
 724                                         $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = $hash;
 725                                         list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
 726                                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
 727                                                 'method' => 'POST',
 728                                                 'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 729                                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $objHdrs
 730                                         ) );
 731                                         if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
 732                                                 return $objHdrs; // success
 733                                         }
 734                                 }
 735                         }
 736                 }
 737                 trigger_error( "Unable to set SHA-1 metadata for $path", E_USER_WARNING );
 738                 $objHdrs['x-object-meta-sha1base36'] = false;
 739
 740                 return $objHdrs; // failed
 741         }
 742
 743         protected function doGetFileContentsMulti( array $params ) {
 744                 $contents = array();
 745
 746                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
 747
 748                 $ep = array_diff_key( $params, array( 'srcs' => 1 ) ); // for error logging
 749                 // Blindly create tmp files and stream to them, catching any exception if the file does
 750                 // not exist. Doing stats here is useless and will loop infinitely in addMissingMetadata().
 751                 foreach ( array_chunk( $params['srcs'], $params['concurrency'] ) as $pathBatch ) {
 752                         $reqs = array(); // (path => op)
 753
 754                         foreach ( $pathBatch as $path ) { // each path in this concurrent batch
 755                                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
 756                                 if ( $srcRel === null || !$auth ) {
 757                                         $contents[$path] = false;
 758                                         continue;
 759                                 }
 760                                 $data = false;
 761                                 // Create a new temporary memory file...
 762                                 $handle = fopen( 'php://temp', 'wb' );
 763                                 if ( $handle ) {
 764                                         $reqs[$path] = array(
 765                                                 'method' => 'GET',
 766                                                 'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
 767                                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
 768                                                         + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
 769                                                 'stream' => $handle,
 770                                         );
 771                                 } else {
 772                                         $data = false;
 773                                 }
 774                                 $contents[$path] = $data;
 775                         }
 776
 777                         $reqs = $this->http->runMulti( $reqs );
 778                         foreach ( $reqs as $path => $op ) {
 779                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $op['response'];
 780                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
 781                                         rewind( $op['stream'] ); // start from the beginning
 782                                         $contents[$path] = stream_get_contents( $op['stream'] );
 783                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
 784                                         $contents[$path] = false;
 785                                 } else {
 786                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
 787                                                 array( 'src' => $path ) + $ep, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
 788                                 }
 789                                 fclose( $op['stream'] ); // close open handle
 790                         }
 791                 }
 792
 793                 return $contents;
 794         }
 795
 796         protected function doDirectoryExists( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 797                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 798                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', 1, null, $prefix );
 799                 if ( $status->isOk() ) {
 800                         return ( count( $status->value ) );
 801                 }
 802
 803                 return null; // error
 804         }
 805
 806         /**
 807          * @see FileBackendStore::getDirectoryListInternal()
 808          * @param string $fullCont
 809          * @param string $dir
 810          * @param array $params
 811          * @return SwiftFileBackendDirList
 812          */
 813         public function getDirectoryListInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 814                 return new SwiftFileBackendDirList( $this, $fullCont, $dir, $params );
 815         }
 816
 817         /**
 818          * @see FileBackendStore::getFileListInternal()
 819          * @param string $fullCont
 820          * @param string $dir
 821          * @param array $params
 822          * @return SwiftFileBackendFileList
 823          */
 824         public function getFileListInternal( $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
 825                 return new SwiftFileBackendFileList( $this, $fullCont, $dir, $params );
 826         }
 827
 828         /**
 829          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 830          *
 831          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
 832          * @param string $dir Resolved storage directory with no trailing slash
 833          * @param string|null $after Resolved container relative path to list items after
 834          * @param int $limit Max number of items to list
 835          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 836          * @return array List of container relative resolved paths of directories directly under $dir
 837          * @throws FileBackendError
 838          */
 839         public function getDirListPageInternal( $fullCont, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
 840                 $dirs = array();
 841                 if ( $after === INF ) {
 842                         return $dirs; // nothing more
 843                 }
 844
 845                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ . '-' . $this->name );
 846
 847                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 848                 // Non-recursive: only list dirs right under $dir
 849                 if ( !empty( $params['topOnly'] ) ) {
 850                         $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 851                         if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 852                                 return $dirs; // error
 853                         }
 854                         $objects = $status->value;
 855                         foreach ( $objects as $object ) { // files and directories
 856                                 if ( substr( $object, -1 ) === '/' ) {
 857                                         $dirs[] = $object; // directories end in '/'
 858                                 }
 859                         }
 860                 } else {
 861                         // Recursive: list all dirs under $dir and its subdirs
 862                         $getParentDir = function ( $path ) {
 863                                 return ( strpos( $path, '/' ) !== false ) ? dirname( $path ) : false;
 864                         };
 865
 866                         // Get directory from last item of prior page
 867                         $lastDir = $getParentDir( $after ); // must be first page
 868                         $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 869
 870                         if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 871                                 return $dirs; // error
 872                         }
 873
 874                         $objects = $status->value;
 875
 876                         foreach ( $objects as $object ) { // files
 877                                 $objectDir = $getParentDir( $object ); // directory of object
 878
 879                                 if ( $objectDir !== false && $objectDir !== $dir ) {
 880                                         // Swift stores paths in UTF-8, using binary sorting.
 881                                         // See function "create_container_table" in common/db.py.
 882                                         // If a directory is not "greater" than the last one,
 883                                         // then it was already listed by the calling iterator.
 884                                         if ( strcmp( $objectDir, $lastDir ) > 0 ) {
 885                                                 $pDir = $objectDir;
 886                                                 do { // add dir and all its parent dirs
 887                                                         $dirs[] = "{$pDir}/";
 888                                                         $pDir = $getParentDir( $pDir );
 889                                                 } while ( $pDir !== false // sanity
 890                                                         && strcmp( $pDir, $lastDir ) > 0 // not done already
 891                                                         && strlen( $pDir ) > strlen( $dir ) // within $dir
 892                                                 );
 893                                         }
 894                                         $lastDir = $objectDir;
 895                                 }
 896                         }
 897                 }
 898                 // Page on the unfiltered directory listing (what is returned may be filtered)
 899                 if ( count( $objects ) < $limit ) {
 900                         $after = INF; // avoid a second RTT
 901                 } else {
 902                         $after = end( $objects ); // update last item
 903                 }
 904
 905                 return $dirs;
 906         }
 907
 908         /**
 909          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 910          *
 911          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
 912          * @param string $dir Resolved storage directory with no trailing slash
 913          * @param string|null $after Resolved container relative path of file to list items after
 914          * @param int $limit Max number of items to list
 915          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 916          * @return array List of resolved container relative paths of files under $dir
 917          * @throws FileBackendError
 918          */
 919         public function getFileListPageInternal( $fullCont, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
 920                 $files = array(); // list of (path, stat array or null) entries
 921                 if ( $after === INF ) {
 922                         return $files; // nothing more
 923                 }
 924
 925                 $section = new ProfileSection( __METHOD__ . '-' . $this->name );
 926
 927                 $prefix = ( $dir == '' ) ? null : "{$dir}/";
 928                 // $objects will contain a list of unfiltered names or CF_Object items
 929                 // Non-recursive: only list files right under $dir
 930                 if ( !empty( $params['topOnly'] ) ) {
 931                         if ( !empty( $params['adviseStat'] ) ) {
 932                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'info', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 933                         } else {
 934                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix, '/' );
 935                         }
 936                 } else {
 937                         // Recursive: list all files under $dir and its subdirs
 938                         if ( !empty( $params['adviseStat'] ) ) {
 939                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'info', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 940                         } else {
 941                                 $status = $this->objectListing( $fullCont, 'names', $limit, $after, $prefix );
 942                         }
 943                 }
 944
 945                 // Reformat this list into a list of (name, stat array or null) entries
 946                 if ( !$status->isOk() ) {
 947                         return $files; // error
 948                 }
 949
 950                 $objects = $status->value;
 951                 $files = $this->buildFileObjectListing( $params, $dir, $objects );
 952
 953                 // Page on the unfiltered object listing (what is returned may be filtered)
 954                 if ( count( $objects ) < $limit ) {
 955                         $after = INF; // avoid a second RTT
 956                 } else {
 957                         $after = end( $objects ); // update last item
 958                         $after = is_object( $after ) ? $after->name : $after;
 959                 }
 960
 961                 return $files;
 962         }
 963
 964         /**
 965          * Build a list of file objects, filtering out any directories
 966          * and extracting any stat info if provided in $objects (for CF_Objects)
 967          *
 968          * @param array $params Parameters for getDirectoryList()
 969          * @param string $dir Resolved container directory path
 970          * @param array $objects List of CF_Object items or object names
 971          * @return array List of (names,stat array or null) entries
 972          */
 973         private function buildFileObjectListing( array $params, $dir, array $objects ) {
 974                 $names = array();
 975                 foreach ( $objects as $object ) {
 976                         if ( is_object( $object ) ) {
 977                                 if ( isset( $object->subdir ) || !isset( $object->name ) ) {
 978                                         continue; // virtual directory entry; ignore
 979                                 }
 980                                 $stat = array(
 981                                         // Convert various random Swift dates to TS_MW
 982                                         'mtime' => $this->convertSwiftDate( $object->last_modified, TS_MW ),
 983                                         'size' => (int)$object->bytes,
 984                                         'md5' => ctype_xdigit( $object->hash ) ? $object->hash : null,
 985                                         'latest' => false // eventually consistent
 986                                 );
 987                                 $names[] = array( $object->name, $stat );
 988                         } elseif ( substr( $object, -1 ) !== '/' ) {
 989                                 // Omit directories, which end in '/' in listings
 990                                 $names[] = array( $object, null );
 991                         }
 992                 }
 993
 994                 return $names;
 995         }
 996
 997         /**
 998          * Do not call this function outside of SwiftFileBackendFileList
 999          *
1000          * @param string $path Storage path
1001          * @param array $val Stat value
1002          */
1003         public function loadListingStatInternal( $path, array $val ) {
1004                 $this->cheapCache->set( $path, 'stat', $val );
1005         }
1006
1007         protected function doGetFileXAttributes( array $params ) {
1008                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1009                 if ( $stat ) {
1010                         if ( !isset( $stat['xattr'] ) ) {
1011                                 // Stat entries filled by file listings don't include metadata/headers
1012                                 $this->clearCache( array( $params['src'] ) );
1013                                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1014                         }
1015
1016                         return $stat['xattr'];
1017                 } else {
1018                         return false;
1019                 }
1020         }
1021
1022         protected function doGetFileSha1base36( array $params ) {
1023                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1024                 if ( $stat ) {
1025                         if ( !isset( $stat['sha1'] ) ) {
1026                                 // Stat entries filled by file listings don't include SHA1
1027                                 $this->clearCache( array( $params['src'] ) );
1028                                 $stat = $this->getFileStat( $params );
1029                         }
1030
1031                         return $stat['sha1'];
1032                 } else {
1033                         return false;
1034                 }
1035         }
1036
1037         protected function doStreamFile( array $params ) {
1038                 $status = Status::newGood();
1039
1040                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
1041                 if ( $srcRel === null ) {
1042                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-invalidpath', $params['src'] );
1043                 }
1044
1045                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1046                 if ( !$auth || !is_array( $this->getContainerStat( $srcCont ) ) ) {
1047                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-stream', $params['src'] );
1048
1049                         return $status;
1050                 }
1051
1052                 $handle = fopen( 'php://output', 'wb' );
1053
1054                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1055                         'method' => 'GET',
1056                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
1057                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1058                                 + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
1059                         'stream' => $handle,
1060                 ) );
1061
1062                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) {
1063                         // good
1064                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1065                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-stream', $params['src'] );
1066                 } else {
1067                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1068                 }
1069
1070                 return $status;
1071         }
1072
1073         protected function doGetLocalCopyMulti( array $params ) {
1074                 $tmpFiles = array();
1075
1076                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1077
1078                 $ep = array_diff_key( $params, array( 'srcs' => 1 ) ); // for error logging
1079                 // Blindly create tmp files and stream to them, catching any exception if the file does
1080                 // not exist. Doing a stat here is useless causes infinite loops in addMissingMetadata().
1081                 foreach ( array_chunk( $params['srcs'], $params['concurrency'] ) as $pathBatch ) {
1082                         $reqs = array(); // (path => op)
1083
1084                         foreach ( $pathBatch as $path ) { // each path in this concurrent batch
1085                                 list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $path );
1086                                 if ( $srcRel === null || !$auth ) {
1087                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = null;
1088                                         continue;
1089                                 }
1090                                 $tmpFile = null;
1091                                 // Get source file extension
1092                                 $ext = FileBackend::extensionFromPath( $path );
1093                                 // Create a new temporary file...
1094                                 $tmpFile = TempFSFile::factory( 'localcopy_', $ext );
1095                                 if ( $tmpFile ) {
1096                                         $handle = fopen( $tmpFile->getPath(), 'wb' );
1097                                         if ( $handle ) {
1098                                                 $reqs[$path] = array(
1099                                                         'method' => 'GET',
1100                                                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel ),
1101                                                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1102                                                                 + $this->headersFromParams( $params ),
1103                                                         'stream' => $handle,
1104                                                 );
1105                                         } else {
1106                                                 $tmpFile = null;
1107                                         }
1108                                 }
1109                                 $tmpFiles[$path] = $tmpFile;
1110                         }
1111
1112                         $reqs = $this->http->runMulti( $reqs );
1113                         foreach ( $reqs as $path => $op ) {
1114                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $op['response'];
1115                                 fclose( $op['stream'] ); // close open handle
1116                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299
1117                                         // double check that the disk is not full/broken
1118                                         && $tmpFiles[$path]->getSize() == $rhdrs['content-length']
1119                                 ) {
1120                                         // good
1121                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1122                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = false;
1123                                 } else {
1124                                         $tmpFiles[$path] = null;
1125                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
1126                                                 array( 'src' => $path ) + $ep, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1127                                 }
1128                         }
1129                 }
1130
1131                 return $tmpFiles;
1132         }
1133
1134         public function getFileHttpUrl( array $params ) {
1135                 if ( $this->swiftTempUrlKey != '' ||
1136                         ( $this->rgwS3AccessKey != '' && $this->rgwS3SecretKey != '' )
1137                 ) {
1138                         list( $srcCont, $srcRel ) = $this->resolveStoragePathReal( $params['src'] );
1139                         if ( $srcRel === null ) {
1140                                 return null; // invalid path
1141                         }
1142
1143                         $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1144                         if ( !$auth ) {
1145                                 return null;
1146                         }
1147
1148                         $ttl = isset( $params['ttl'] ) ? $params['ttl'] : 86400;
1149                         $expires = time() + $ttl;
1150
1151                         if ( $this->swiftTempUrlKey != '' ) {
1152                                 $url = $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont, $srcRel );
1153                                 // Swift wants the signature based on the unencoded object name
1154                                 $contPath = parse_url( $this->storageUrl( $auth, $srcCont ), PHP_URL_PATH );
1155                                 $signature = hash_hmac( 'sha1',
1156                                         "GET\n{$expires}\n{$contPath}/{$srcRel}",
1157                                         $this->swiftTempUrlKey
1158                                 );
1159
1160                                 return "{$url}?temp_url_sig={$signature}&temp_url_expires={$expires}";
1161                         } else { // give S3 API URL for rgw
1162                                 // Path for signature starts with the bucket
1163                                 $spath = '/' . rawurlencode( $srcCont ) . '/' .
1164                                         str_replace( '%2F', '/', rawurlencode( $srcRel ) );
1165                                 // Calculate the hash
1166                                 $signature = base64_encode( hash_hmac(
1167                                         'sha1',
1168                                         "GET\n\n\n{$expires}\n{$spath}",
1169                                         $this->rgwS3SecretKey,
1170                                         true // raw
1171                                 ) );
1172                                 // See http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/s3-developer-guide/RESTAuthentication.html.
1173                                 // Note: adding a newline for empty CanonicalizedAmzHeaders does not work.
1174                                 return wfAppendQuery(
1175                                         str_replace( '/swift/v1', '', // S3 API is the rgw default
1176                                                 $this->storageUrl( $auth ) . $spath ),
1177                                         array(
1178                                                 'Signature' => $signature,
1179                                                 'Expires' => $expires,
1180                                                 'AWSAccessKeyId' => $this->rgwS3AccessKey )
1181                                 );
1182                         }
1183                 }
1184
1185                 return null;
1186         }
1187
1188         protected function directoriesAreVirtual() {
1189                 return true;
1190         }
1191
1192         /**
1193          * Get headers to send to Swift when reading a file based
1194          * on a FileBackend params array, e.g. that of getLocalCopy().
1195          * $params is currently only checked for a 'latest' flag.
1196          *
1197          * @param array $params
1198          * @return array
1199          */
1200         protected function headersFromParams( array $params ) {
1201                 $hdrs = array();
1202                 if ( !empty( $params['latest'] ) ) {
1203                         $hdrs['x-newest'] = 'true';
1204                 }
1205
1206                 return $hdrs;
1207         }
1208
1209         protected function doExecuteOpHandlesInternal( array $fileOpHandles ) {
1210                 $statuses = array();
1211
1212                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1213                 if ( !$auth ) {
1214                         foreach ( $fileOpHandles as $index => $fileOpHandle ) {
1215                                 $statuses[$index] = Status::newFatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1216                         }
1217
1218                         return $statuses;
1219                 }
1220
1221                 // Split the HTTP requests into stages that can be done concurrently
1222                 $httpReqsByStage = array(); // map of (stage => index => HTTP request)
1223                 foreach ( $fileOpHandles as $index => $fileOpHandle ) {
1224                         $reqs = $fileOpHandle->httpOp;
1225                         // Convert the 'url' parameter to an actual URL using $auth
1226                         foreach ( $reqs as $stage => &$req ) {
1227                                 list( $container, $relPath ) = $req['url'];
1228                                 $req['url'] = $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container, $relPath );
1229                                 $req['headers'] = isset( $req['headers'] ) ? $req['headers'] : array();
1230                                 $req['headers'] = $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + $req['headers'];
1231                                 $httpReqsByStage[$stage][$index] = $req;
1232                         }
1233                         $statuses[$index] = Status::newGood();
1234                 }
1235
1236                 // Run all requests for the first stage, then the next, and so on
1237                 $reqCount = count( $httpReqsByStage );
1238                 for ( $stage = 0; $stage < $reqCount; ++$stage ) {
1239                         $httpReqs = $this->http->runMulti( $httpReqsByStage[$stage] );
1240                         foreach ( $httpReqs as $index => $httpReq ) {
1241                                 // Run the callback for each request of this operation
1242                                 $callback = $fileOpHandles[$index]->callback;
1243                                 call_user_func_array( $callback, array( $httpReq, $statuses[$index] ) );
1244                                 // On failure, abort all remaining requests for this operation
1245                                 // (e.g. abort the DELETE request if the COPY request fails for a move)
1246                                 if ( !$statuses[$index]->isOK() ) {
1247                                         $stages = count( $fileOpHandles[$index]->httpOp );
1248                                         for ( $s = ( $stage + 1 ); $s < $stages; ++$s ) {
1249                                                 unset( $httpReqsByStage[$s][$index] );
1250                                         }
1251                                 }
1252                         }
1253                 }
1254
1255                 return $statuses;
1256         }
1257
1258         /**
1259          * Set read/write permissions for a Swift container.
1260          *
1261          * @see http://swift.openstack.org/misc.html#acls
1262          *
1263          * In general, we don't allow listings to end-users. It's not useful, isn't well-defined
1264          * (lists are truncated to 10000 item with no way to page), and is just a performance risk.
1265          *
1266          * @param string $container Resolved Swift container
1267          * @param array $readGrps List of the possible criteria for a request to have
1268          * access to read a container. Each item is one of the following formats:
1269          *   - account:user        : Grants access if the request is by the given user
1270          *   - ".r:<regex>"        : Grants access if the request is from a referrer host that
1271          *                           matches the expression and the request is not for a listing.
1272          *                           Setting this to '*' effectively makes a container public.
1273          *   -".rlistings:<regex>" : Grants access if the request is from a referrer host that
1274          *                           matches the expression and the request is for a listing.
1275          * @param array $writeGrps A list of the possible criteria for a request to have
1276          * access to write to a container. Each item is of the following format:
1277          *   - account:user       : Grants access if the request is by the given user
1278          * @return Status
1279          */
1280         protected function setContainerAccess( $container, array $readGrps, array $writeGrps ) {
1281                 $status = Status::newGood();
1282                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1283
1284                 if ( !$auth ) {
1285                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1286
1287                         return $status;
1288                 }
1289
1290                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1291                         'method' => 'POST',
1292                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1293                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + array(
1294                                 'x-container-read' => implode( ',', $readGrps ),
1295                                 'x-container-write' => implode( ',', $writeGrps )
1296                         )
1297                 ) );
1298
1299                 if ( $rcode != 204 && $rcode !== 202 ) {
1300                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
1301                 }
1302
1303                 return $status;
1304         }
1305
1306         /**
1307          * Get a Swift container stat array, possibly from process cache.
1308          * Use $reCache if the file count or byte count is needed.
1309          *
1310          * @param string $container Container name
1311          * @param bool $bypassCache Bypass all caches and load from Swift
1312          * @return array|bool|null False on 404, null on failure
1313          */
1314         protected function getContainerStat( $container, $bypassCache = false ) {
1315                 if ( $bypassCache ) { // purge cache
1316                         $this->containerStatCache->clear( $container );
1317                 } elseif ( !$this->containerStatCache->has( $container, 'stat' ) ) {
1318                         $this->primeContainerCache( array( $container ) ); // check persistent cache
1319                 }
1320                 if ( !$this->containerStatCache->has( $container, 'stat' ) ) {
1321                         $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1322                         if ( !$auth ) {
1323                                 return null;
1324                         }
1325
1326                         list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1327                                 'method' => 'HEAD',
1328                                 'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1329                                 'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1330                         ) );
1331
1332                         if ( $rcode === 204 ) {
1333                                 $stat = array(
1334                                         'count' => $rhdrs['x-container-object-count'],
1335                                         'bytes' => $rhdrs['x-container-bytes-used']
1336                                 );
1337                                 if ( $bypassCache ) {
1338                                         return $stat;
1339                                 } else {
1340                                         $this->containerStatCache->set( $container, 'stat', $stat ); // cache it
1341                                 }
1342                         } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1343                                 return false;
1344                         } else {
1345                                 $this->onError( null, __METHOD__,
1346                                         array( 'cont' => $container ), $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1347
1348                                 return null;
1349                         }
1350                 }
1351
1352                 return $this->containerStatCache->get( $container, 'stat' );
1353         }
1354
1355         /**
1356          * Create a Swift container
1357          *
1358          * @param string $container Container name
1359          * @param array $params
1360          * @return Status
1361          */
1362         protected function createContainer( $container, array $params ) {
1363                 $status = Status::newGood();
1364
1365                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1366                 if ( !$auth ) {
1367                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1368
1369                         return $status;
1370                 }
1371
1372                 // @see SwiftFileBackend::setContainerAccess()
1373                 if ( empty( $params['noAccess'] ) ) {
1374                         $readGrps = array( '.r:*', $this->swiftUser ); // public
1375                 } else {
1376                         $readGrps = array( $this->swiftUser ); // private
1377                 }
1378                 $writeGrps = array( $this->swiftUser ); // sanity
1379
1380                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1381                         'method' => 'PUT',
1382                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1383                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth ) + array(
1384                                 'x-container-read' => implode( ',', $readGrps ),
1385                                 'x-container-write' => implode( ',', $writeGrps )
1386                         )
1387                 ) );
1388
1389                 if ( $rcode === 201 ) { // new
1390                         // good
1391                 } elseif ( $rcode === 202 ) { // already there
1392                         // this shouldn't really happen, but is OK
1393                 } else {
1394                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1395                 }
1396
1397                 return $status;
1398         }
1399
1400         /**
1401          * Delete a Swift container
1402          *
1403          * @param string $container Container name
1404          * @param array $params
1405          * @return Status
1406          */
1407         protected function deleteContainer( $container, array $params ) {
1408                 $status = Status::newGood();
1409
1410                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1411                 if ( !$auth ) {
1412                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1413
1414                         return $status;
1415                 }
1416
1417                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1418                         'method' => 'DELETE',
1419                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $container ),
1420                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1421                 ) );
1422
1423                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) { // deleted
1424                         $this->containerStatCache->clear( $container ); // purge
1425                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) { // not there
1426                         // this shouldn't really happen, but is OK
1427                 } elseif ( $rcode === 409 ) { // not empty
1428                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc ); // race?
1429                 } else {
1430                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1431                 }
1432
1433                 return $status;
1434         }
1435
1436         /**
1437          * Get a list of objects under a container.
1438          * Either just the names or a list of stdClass objects with details can be returned.
1439          *
1440          * @param string $fullCont
1441          * @param string $type ('info' for a list of object detail maps, 'names' for names only)
1442          * @param integer $limit
1443          * @param string|null $after
1444          * @param string|null $prefix
1445          * @param string|null $delim
1446          * @return Status With the list as value
1447          */
1448         private function objectListing(
1449                 $fullCont, $type, $limit, $after = null, $prefix = null, $delim = null
1450         ) {
1451                 $status = Status::newGood();
1452
1453                 $auth = $this->getAuthentication();
1454                 if ( !$auth ) {
1455                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-connect', $this->name );
1456
1457                         return $status;
1458                 }
1459
1460                 $query = array( 'limit' => $limit );
1461                 if ( $type === 'info' ) {
1462                         $query['format'] = 'json';
1463                 }
1464                 if ( $after !== null ) {
1465                         $query['marker'] = $after;
1466                 }
1467                 if ( $prefix !== null ) {
1468                         $query['prefix'] = $prefix;
1469                 }
1470                 if ( $delim !== null ) {
1471                         $query['delimiter'] = $delim;
1472                 }
1473
1474                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1475                         'method' => 'GET',
1476                         'url' => $this->storageUrl( $auth, $fullCont ),
1477                         'query' => $query,
1478                         'headers' => $this->authTokenHeaders( $auth )
1479                 ) );
1480
1481                 $params = array( 'cont' => $fullCont, 'prefix' => $prefix, 'delim' => $delim );
1482                 if ( $rcode === 200 ) { // good
1483                         if ( $type === 'info' ) {
1484                                 $status->value = FormatJson::decode( trim( $rbody ) );
1485                         } else {
1486                                 $status->value = explode( "\n", trim( $rbody ) );
1487                         }
1488                 } elseif ( $rcode === 204 ) {
1489                         $status->value = array(); // empty container
1490                 } elseif ( $rcode === 404 ) {
1491                         $status->value = array(); // no container
1492                 } else {
1493                         $this->onError( $status, __METHOD__, $params, $rerr, $rcode, $rdesc );
1494                 }
1495
1496                 return $status;
1497         }
1498
1499         protected function doPrimeContainerCache( array $containerInfo ) {
1500                 foreach ( $containerInfo as $container => $info ) {
1501                         $this->containerStatCache->set( $container, 'stat', $info );
1502                 }
1503         }
1504
1505         /**
1506          * @return array|null Credential map
1507          */
1508         protected function getAuthentication() {
1509                 if ( $this->authErrorTimestamp !== null ) {
1510                         if ( ( time() - $this->authErrorTimestamp ) < 60 ) {
1511                                 return null; // failed last attempt; don't bother
1512                         } else { // actually retry this time
1513                                 $this->authErrorTimestamp = null;
1514                         }
1515                 }
1516                 // Session keys expire after a while, so we renew them periodically
1517                 $reAuth = ( ( time() - $this->authSessionTimestamp ) > $this->authTTL );
1518                 // Authenticate with proxy and get a session key...
1519                 if ( !$this->authCreds || $reAuth ) {
1520                         $this->authSessionTimestamp = 0;
1521                         $cacheKey = $this->getCredsCacheKey( $this->swiftUser );
1522                         $creds = $this->srvCache->get( $cacheKey ); // credentials
1523                         // Try to use the credential cache
1524                         if ( isset( $creds['auth_token'] ) && isset( $creds['storage_url'] ) ) {
1525                                 $this->authCreds = $creds;
1526                                 // Skew the timestamp for worst case to avoid using stale credentials
1527                                 $this->authSessionTimestamp = time() - ceil( $this->authTTL / 2 );
1528                         } else { // cache miss
1529                                 list( $rcode, $rdesc, $rhdrs, $rbody, $rerr ) = $this->http->run( array(
1530                                         'method' => 'GET',
1531                                         'url' => "{$this->swiftAuthUrl}/v1.0",
1532                                         'headers' => array(
1533                                                 'x-auth-user' => $this->swiftUser,
1534                                                 'x-auth-key' => $this->swiftKey
1535                                         )
1536                                 ) );
1537
1538                                 if ( $rcode >= 200 && $rcode <= 299 ) { // OK
1539                                         $this->authCreds = array(
1540                                                 'auth_token' => $rhdrs['x-auth-token'],
1541                                                 'storage_url' => $rhdrs['x-storage-url']
1542                                         );
1543                                         $this->authSessionTimestamp = time();
1544                                 } elseif ( $rcode === 401 ) {
1545                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, array(), "Authentication failed.", $rcode );
1546                                         $this->authErrorTimestamp = time();
1547
1548                                         return null;
1549                                 } else {
1550                                         $this->onError( null, __METHOD__, array(), "HTTP return code: $rcode", $rcode );
1551                                         $this->authErrorTimestamp = time();
1552
1553                                         return null;
1554                                 }
1555                         }
1556                 }
1557
1558                 return $this->authCreds;
1559         }
1560
1561         /**
1562          * @param array $creds From getAuthentication()
1563          * @param string $container
1564          * @param string $object
1565          * @return array
1566          */
1567         protected function storageUrl( array $creds, $container = null, $object = null ) {
1568                 $parts = array( $creds['storage_url'] );
1569                 if ( strlen( $container ) ) {
1570                         $parts[] = rawurlencode( $container );
1571                 }
1572                 if ( strlen( $object ) ) {
1573                         $parts[] = str_replace( "%2F", "/", rawurlencode( $object ) );
1574                 }
1575
1576                 return implode( '/', $parts );
1577         }
1578
1579         /**
1580          * @param array $creds From getAuthentication()
1581          * @return array
1582          */
1583         protected function authTokenHeaders( array $creds ) {
1584                 return array( 'x-auth-token' => $creds['auth_token'] );
1585         }
1586
1587         /**
1588          * Get the cache key for a container
1589          *
1590          * @param string $username
1591          * @return string
1592          */
1593         private function getCredsCacheKey( $username ) {
1594                 return wfMemcKey( 'backend', $this->getName(), 'usercreds', $username );
1595         }
1596
1597         /**
1598          * Log an unexpected exception for this backend.
1599          * This also sets the Status object to have a fatal error.
1600          *
1601          * @param Status|null $status
1602          * @param string $func
1603          * @param array $params
1604          * @param string $err Error string
1605          * @param integer $code HTTP status
1606          * @param string $desc HTTP status description
1607          */
1608         public function onError( $status, $func, array $params, $err = '', $code = 0, $desc = '' ) {
1609                 if ( $status instanceof Status ) {
1610                         $status->fatal( 'backend-fail-internal', $this->name );
1611                 }
1612                 if ( $code == 401 ) { // possibly a stale token
1613                         $this->srvCache->delete( $this->getCredsCacheKey( $this->swiftUser ) );
1614                 }
1615                 wfDebugLog( 'SwiftBackend',
1616                         "HTTP $code ($desc) in '{$func}' (given '" . FormatJson::encode( $params ) . "')" .
1617                         ( $err ? ": $err" : "" )
1618                 );
1619         }
1620 }
1621
1622 /**
1623  * @see FileBackendStoreOpHandle
1624  */
1625 class SwiftFileOpHandle extends FileBackendStoreOpHandle {
1626         /** @var array List of Requests for MultiHttpClient */
1627         public $httpOp;
1628         /** @var Closure */
1629         public $callback;
1630
1631         /**
1632          * @param SwiftFileBackend $backend
1633          * @param Closure $callback Function that takes (HTTP request array, status)
1634          * @param array $httpOp MultiHttpClient op
1635          */
1636         public function __construct( SwiftFileBackend $backend, Closure $callback, array $httpOp ) {
1637                 $this->backend = $backend;
1638                 $this->callback = $callback;
1639                 $this->httpOp = $httpOp;
1640         }
1641 }
1642
1643 /**
1644  * SwiftFileBackend helper class to page through listings.
1645  * Swift also has a listing limit of 10,000 objects for sanity.
1646  * Do not use this class from places outside SwiftFileBackend.
1647  *
1648  * @ingroup FileBackend
1649  */
1650 abstract class SwiftFileBackendList implements Iterator {
1651         /** @var array List of path or (path,stat array) entries */
1652         protected $bufferIter = array();
1653
1654         /** @var string List items *after* this path */
1655         protected $bufferAfter = null;
1656
1657         /** @var int */
1658         protected $pos = 0;
1659
1660         /** @var array */
1661         protected $params = array();
1662
1663         /** @var SwiftFileBackend */
1664         protected $backend;
1665
1666         /** @var string Container name */
1667         protected $container;
1668
1669         /** @var string Storage directory */
1670         protected $dir;
1671
1672         /** @var int */
1673         protected $suffixStart;
1674
1675         const PAGE_SIZE = 9000; // file listing buffer size
1676
1677         /**
1678          * @param SwiftFileBackend $backend
1679          * @param string $fullCont Resolved container name
1680          * @param string $dir Resolved directory relative to container
1681          * @param array $params
1682          */
1683         public function __construct( SwiftFileBackend $backend, $fullCont, $dir, array $params ) {
1684                 $this->backend = $backend;
1685                 $this->container = $fullCont;
1686                 $this->dir = $dir;
1687                 if ( substr( $this->dir, -1 ) === '/' ) {
1688                         $this->dir = substr( $this->dir, 0, -1 ); // remove trailing slash
1689                 }
1690                 if ( $this->dir == '' ) { // whole container
1691                         $this->suffixStart = 0;
1692                 } else { // dir within container
1693                         $this->suffixStart = strlen( $this->dir ) + 1; // size of "path/to/dir/"
1694                 }
1695                 $this->params = $params;
1696         }
1697
1698         /**
1699          * @see Iterator::key()
1700          * @return int
1701          */
1702         public function key() {
1703                 return $this->pos;
1704         }
1705
1706         /**
1707          * @see Iterator::next()
1708          */
1709         public function next() {
1710                 // Advance to the next file in the page
1711                 next( $this->bufferIter );
1712                 ++$this->pos;
1713                 // Check if there are no files left in this page and
1714                 // advance to the next page if this page was not empty.
1715                 if ( !$this->valid() && count( $this->bufferIter ) ) {
1716                         $this->bufferIter = $this->pageFromList(
1717                                 $this->container, $this->dir, $this->bufferAfter, self::PAGE_SIZE, $this->params
1718                         ); // updates $this->bufferAfter
1719                 }
1720         }
1721
1722         /**
1723          * @see Iterator::rewind()
1724          */
1725         public function rewind() {
1726                 $this->pos = 0;
1727                 $this->bufferAfter = null;
1728                 $this->bufferIter = $this->pageFromList(
1729                         $this->container, $this->dir, $this->bufferAfter, self::PAGE_SIZE, $this->params
1730                 ); // updates $this->bufferAfter
1731         }
1732
1733         /**
1734          * @see Iterator::valid()
1735          * @return bool
1736          */
1737         public function valid() {
1738                 if ( $this->bufferIter === null ) {
1739                         return false; // some failure?
1740                 } else {
1741                         return ( current( $this->bufferIter ) !== false ); // no paths can have this value
1742                 }
1743         }
1744
1745         /**
1746          * Get the given list portion (page)
1747          *
1748          * @param string $container Resolved container name
1749          * @param string $dir Resolved path relative to container
1750          * @param string $after null
1751          * @param int $limit
1752          * @param array $params
1753          * @return Traversable|array
1754          */
1755         abstract protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params );
1756 }
1757
1758 /**
1759  * Iterator for listing directories
1760  */
1761 class SwiftFileBackendDirList extends SwiftFileBackendList {
1762         /**
1763          * @see Iterator::current()
1764          * @return string|bool String (relative path) or false
1765          */
1766         public function current() {
1767                 return substr( current( $this->bufferIter ), $this->suffixStart, -1 );
1768         }
1769
1770         protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
1771                 return $this->backend->getDirListPageInternal( $container, $dir, $after, $limit, $params );
1772         }
1773 }
1774
1775 /**
1776  * Iterator for listing regular files
1777  */
1778 class SwiftFileBackendFileList extends SwiftFileBackendList {
1779         /**
1780          * @see Iterator::current()
1781          * @return string|bool String (relative path) or false
1782          */
1783         public function current() {
1784                 list( $path, $stat ) = current( $this->bufferIter );
1785                 $relPath = substr( $path, $this->suffixStart );
1786                 if ( is_array( $stat ) ) {
1787                         $storageDir = rtrim( $this->params['dir'], '/' );
1788                         $this->backend->loadListingStatInternal( "$storageDir/$relPath", $stat );
1789                 }
1790
1791                 return $relPath;
1792         }
1793
1794         protected function pageFromList( $container, $dir, &$after, $limit, array $params ) {
1795                 return $this->backend->getFileListPageInternal( $container, $dir, $after, $limit, $params );
1796         }
1797 }