Merge "Add fa to collation list."
[lhc/web/wiklou.git] / includes / Collation.php
1 <?php
2 /**
3 * Database row sorting.
4 *
5 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
6 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
7 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
8 * (at your option) any later version.
9 *
10 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
11 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
12 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
13 * GNU General Public License for more details.
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
16 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
17 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
18 * http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html
19 *
20 * @file
21 */
22
23 abstract class Collation {
24 static $instance;
25
26 /**
27 * @return Collation
28 */
29 static function singleton() {
30 if ( !self::$instance ) {
31 global $wgCategoryCollation;
32 self::$instance = self::factory( $wgCategoryCollation );
33 }
34 return self::$instance;
35 }
36
37 /**
38 * @throws MWException
39 * @param $collationName string
40 * @return Collation
41 */
42 static function factory( $collationName ) {
43 switch ( $collationName ) {
44 case 'uppercase':
45 return new UppercaseCollation;
46 case 'identity':
47 return new IdentityCollation;
48 case 'uca-default':
49 return new IcuCollation( 'root' );
50 default:
51 $match = array();
52 if ( preg_match( '/^uca-([a-z-]+)$/', $collationName, $match ) ) {
53 return new IcuCollation( $match[1] );
54 }
55
56 # Provide a mechanism for extensions to hook in.
57 $collationObject = null;
58 wfRunHooks( 'Collation::factory', array( $collationName, &$collationObject ) );
59
60 if ( $collationObject instanceof Collation ) {
61 return $collationObject;
62 }
63
64 // If all else fails...
65 throw new MWException( __METHOD__ . ": unknown collation type \"$collationName\"" );
66 }
67 }
68
69 /**
70 * Given a string, convert it to a (hopefully short) key that can be used
71 * for efficient sorting. A binary sort according to the sortkeys
72 * corresponds to a logical sort of the corresponding strings. Current
73 * code expects that a line feed character should sort before all others, but
74 * has no other particular expectations (and that one can be changed if
75 * necessary).
76 *
77 * @param string $string UTF-8 string
78 * @return string Binary sortkey
79 */
80 abstract function getSortKey( $string );
81
82 /**
83 * Given a string, return the logical "first letter" to be used for
84 * grouping on category pages and so on. This has to be coordinated
85 * carefully with convertToSortkey(), or else the sorted list might jump
86 * back and forth between the same "initial letters" or other pathological
87 * behavior. For instance, if you just return the first character, but "a"
88 * sorts the same as "A" based on getSortKey(), then you might get a
89 * list like
90 *
91 * == A ==
92 * * [[Aardvark]]
93 *
94 * == a ==
95 * * [[antelope]]
96 *
97 * == A ==
98 * * [[Ape]]
99 *
100 * etc., assuming for the sake of argument that $wgCapitalLinks is false.
101 *
102 * @param string $string UTF-8 string
103 * @return string UTF-8 string corresponding to the first letter of input
104 */
105 abstract function getFirstLetter( $string );
106 }
107
108 class UppercaseCollation extends Collation {
109 var $lang;
110 function __construct() {
111 // Get a language object so that we can use the generic UTF-8 uppercase
112 // function there
113 $this->lang = Language::factory( 'en' );
114 }
115
116 function getSortKey( $string ) {
117 return $this->lang->uc( $string );
118 }
119
120 function getFirstLetter( $string ) {
121 if ( $string[0] == "\0" ) {
122 $string = substr( $string, 1 );
123 }
124 return $this->lang->ucfirst( $this->lang->firstChar( $string ) );
125 }
126 }
127
128 /**
129 * Collation class that's essentially a no-op.
130 *
131 * Does sorting based on binary value of the string.
132 * Like how things were pre 1.17.
133 */
134 class IdentityCollation extends Collation {
135
136 function getSortKey( $string ) {
137 return $string;
138 }
139
140 function getFirstLetter( $string ) {
141 global $wgContLang;
142 // Copied from UppercaseCollation.
143 // I'm kind of unclear on when this could happen...
144 if ( $string[0] == "\0" ) {
145 $string = substr( $string, 1 );
146 }
147 return $wgContLang->firstChar( $string );
148 }
149 }
150
151 class IcuCollation extends Collation {
152 const FIRST_LETTER_VERSION = 1;
153
154 var $primaryCollator, $mainCollator, $locale;
155 var $firstLetterData;
156
157 /**
158 * Unified CJK blocks.
159 *
160 * The same definition of a CJK block must be used for both Collation and
161 * generateCollationData.php. These blocks are omitted from the first
162 * letter data, as an optimisation measure and because the default UCA table
163 * is pretty useless for sorting Chinese text anyway. Japanese and Korean
164 * blocks are not included here, because they are smaller and more useful.
165 */
166 static $cjkBlocks = array(
167 array( 0x2E80, 0x2EFF ), // CJK Radicals Supplement
168 array( 0x2F00, 0x2FDF ), // Kangxi Radicals
169 array( 0x2FF0, 0x2FFF ), // Ideographic Description Characters
170 array( 0x3000, 0x303F ), // CJK Symbols and Punctuation
171 array( 0x31C0, 0x31EF ), // CJK Strokes
172 array( 0x3200, 0x32FF ), // Enclosed CJK Letters and Months
173 array( 0x3300, 0x33FF ), // CJK Compatibility
174 array( 0x3400, 0x4DBF ), // CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A
175 array( 0x4E00, 0x9FFF ), // CJK Unified Ideographs
176 array( 0xF900, 0xFAFF ), // CJK Compatibility Ideographs
177 array( 0xFE30, 0xFE4F ), // CJK Compatibility Forms
178 array( 0x20000, 0x2A6DF ), // CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B
179 array( 0x2A700, 0x2B73F ), // CJK Unified Ideographs Extension C
180 array( 0x2B740, 0x2B81F ), // CJK Unified Ideographs Extension D
181 array( 0x2F800, 0x2FA1F ), // CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement
182 );
183
184 /**
185 * Additional characters (or character groups) to be considered separate
186 * letters for given languages, or to be removed from the list of such
187 * letters (denoted by keys starting with '-').
188 *
189 * These are additions to (or subtractions from) the data stored in the
190 * first-letters-root.ser file (which among others includes full basic latin,
191 * cyrillic and greek alphabets).
192 *
193 * "Separate letter" is a letter that would have a separate heading/section
194 * for it in a dictionary or a phone book in this language. This data isn't
195 * used for sorting (the ICU library handles that), only for deciding which
196 * characters (or character groups) to use as headings.
197 *
198 * Initially generated based on the primary level of Unicode collation
199 * tailorings available at http://developer.mimer.com/charts/tailorings.htm ,
200 * later modified.
201 *
202 * Empty arrays are intended; this signifies that the data for the language is
203 * available and that there are, in fact, no additional letters to consider.
204 */
205 static $tailoringFirstLetters = array(
206 // Verified by native speakers
207 'be' => array( "Ё" ),
208 'be-tarask' => array( "Ё" ),
209 'en' => array(),
210 'fi' => array( "Å", "Ä", "Ö" ),
211 'hu' => array( "Cs", "Dz", "Dzs", "Gy", "Ly", "Ny", "Ö", "Sz", "Ty", "Ü", "Zs" ),
212 'it' => array(),
213 'pl' => array( "Ą", "Ć", "Ę", "Ł", "Ń", "Ó", "Ś", "Ź", "Ż" ),
214 'pt' => array(),
215 'ru' => array(),
216 'sv' => array( "Å", "Ä", "Ö" ),
217 'uk' => array( "Ґ", "Ь" ),
218 'vi' => array( "Ă", "Â", "Đ", "Ê", "Ô", "Ơ", "Ư" ),
219 // Not verified, but likely correct
220 'af' => array(),
221 'ast' => array( "Ch", "Ll", "Ñ" ),
222 'az' => array( "Ç", "Ə", "Ğ", "İ", "Ö", "Ş", "Ü" ),
223 'bg' => array(),
224 'br' => array( "Ch", "C'h" ),
225 'bs' => array( "Č", "Ć", "Dž", "Đ", "Lj", "Nj", "Š", "Ž" ),
226 'ca' => array(),
227 'co' => array(),
228 'cs' => array( "Č", "Ch", "Ř", "Š", "Ž" ),
229 'cy' => array( "Ch", "Dd", "Ff", "Ng", "Ll", "Ph", "Rh", "Th" ),
230 'da' => array( "Æ", "Ø", "Å" ),
231 'de' => array(),
232 'dsb' => array( "Č", "Ć", "Dź", "Ě", "Ch", "Ł", "Ń", "Ŕ", "Š", "Ś", "Ž", "Ź" ),
233 'el' => array(),
234 'eo' => array( "Ĉ", "Ĝ", "Ĥ", "Ĵ", "Ŝ", "Ŭ" ),
235 'es' => array( "Ñ" ),
236 'et' => array( "Š", "Ž", "Õ", "Ä", "Ö", "Ü" ),
237 'eu' => array( "Ñ" ),
238 'fa' => array( "آ", "ء", "ه" ),
239 'fo' => array( "Á", "Ð", "Í", "Ó", "Ú", "Ý", "Æ", "Ø", "Å" ),
240 'fr' => array(),
241 'fur' => array( "À", "Á", "Â", "È", "Ì", "Ò", "Ù" ),
242 'fy' => array(),
243 'ga' => array(),
244 'gd' => array(),
245 'gl' => array( "Ch", "Ll", "Ñ" ),
246 'hr' => array( "Č", "Ć", "Dž", "Đ", "Lj", "Nj", "Š", "Ž" ),
247 'hsb' => array( "Č", "Dź", "Ě", "Ch", "Ł", "Ń", "Ř", "Š", "Ć", "Ž" ),
248 'is' => array( "Á", "Ð", "É", "Í", "Ó", "Ú", "Ý", "Þ", "Æ", "Ö", "Å" ),
249 'kk' => array( "Ү", "І" ),
250 'kl' => array( "Æ", "Ø", "Å" ),
251 'ku' => array( "Ç", "Ê", "Î", "Ş", "Û" ),
252 'ky' => array( "Ё" ),
253 'la' => array(),
254 'lb' => array(),
255 'lt' => array( "Č", "Š", "Ž" ),
256 'lv' => array( "Č", "Ģ", "Ķ", "Ļ", "Ņ", "Š", "Ž" ),
257 'mk' => array(),
258 'mo' => array( "Ă", "Â", "Î", "Ş", "Ţ" ),
259 'mt' => array( "Ċ", "Ġ", "Għ", "Ħ", "Ż" ),
260 'nl' => array(),
261 'no' => array( "Æ", "Ø", "Å" ),
262 'oc' => array(),
263 'rm' => array(),
264 'ro' => array( "Ă", "Â", "Î", "Ş", "Ţ" ),
265 'rup' => array( "Ă", "Â", "Î", "Ľ", "Ń", "Ş", "Ţ" ),
266 'sco' => array(),
267 'sk' => array( "Ä", "Č", "Ch", "Ô", "Š", "Ž" ),
268 'sl' => array( "Č", "Š", "Ž" ),
269 'smn' => array( "Á", "Č", "Đ", "Ŋ", "Š", "Ŧ", "Ž", "Æ", "Ø", "Å", "Ä", "Ö" ),
270 'sq' => array( "Ç", "Dh", "Ë", "Gj", "Ll", "Nj", "Rr", "Sh", "Th", "Xh", "Zh" ),
271 'sr' => array(),
272 'tk' => array( "Ç", "Ä", "Ž", "Ň", "Ö", "Ş", "Ü", "Ý" ),
273 'tl' => array( "Ñ", "Ng" ),
274 'tr' => array( "Ç", "Ğ", "İ", "Ö", "Ş", "Ü" ),
275 'tt' => array( "Ә", "Ө", "Ү", "Җ", "Ң", "Һ" ),
276 'uz' => array( "Ch", "G'", "Ng", "O'", "Sh" ),
277 );
278
279 const RECORD_LENGTH = 14;
280
281 function __construct( $locale ) {
282 if ( !extension_loaded( 'intl' ) ) {
283 throw new MWException( 'An ICU collation was requested, ' .
284 'but the intl extension is not available.' );
285 }
286 $this->locale = $locale;
287 $this->mainCollator = Collator::create( $locale );
288 if ( !$this->mainCollator ) {
289 throw new MWException( "Invalid ICU locale specified for collation: $locale" );
290 }
291
292 $this->primaryCollator = Collator::create( $locale );
293 $this->primaryCollator->setStrength( Collator::PRIMARY );
294 }
295
296 function getSortKey( $string ) {
297 // intl extension produces non null-terminated
298 // strings. Appending '' fixes it so that it doesn't generate
299 // a warning on each access in debug php.
300 wfSuppressWarnings();
301 $key = $this->mainCollator->getSortKey( $string ) . '';
302 wfRestoreWarnings();
303 return $key;
304 }
305
306 function getPrimarySortKey( $string ) {
307 wfSuppressWarnings();
308 $key = $this->primaryCollator->getSortKey( $string ) . '';
309 wfRestoreWarnings();
310 return $key;
311 }
312
313 function getFirstLetter( $string ) {
314 $string = strval( $string );
315 if ( $string === '' ) {
316 return '';
317 }
318
319 // Check for CJK
320 $firstChar = mb_substr( $string, 0, 1, 'UTF-8' );
321 if ( ord( $firstChar ) > 0x7f
322 && self::isCjk( utf8ToCodepoint( $firstChar ) ) )
323 {
324 return $firstChar;
325 }
326
327 $sortKey = $this->getPrimarySortKey( $string );
328
329 // Do a binary search to find the correct letter to sort under
330 $min = $this->findLowerBound(
331 array( $this, 'getSortKeyByLetterIndex' ),
332 $this->getFirstLetterCount(),
333 'strcmp',
334 $sortKey );
335
336 if ( $min === false ) {
337 // Before the first letter
338 return '';
339 }
340 return $this->getLetterByIndex( $min );
341 }
342
343 function getFirstLetterData() {
344 if ( $this->firstLetterData !== null ) {
345 return $this->firstLetterData;
346 }
347
348 $cache = wfGetCache( CACHE_ANYTHING );
349 $cacheKey = wfMemcKey( 'first-letters', $this->locale );
350 $cacheEntry = $cache->get( $cacheKey );
351
352 if ( $cacheEntry && isset( $cacheEntry['version'] )
353 && $cacheEntry['version'] == self::FIRST_LETTER_VERSION
354 ) {
355 $this->firstLetterData = $cacheEntry;
356 return $this->firstLetterData;
357 }
358
359 // Generate data from serialized data file
360
361 if ( isset( self::$tailoringFirstLetters[$this->locale] ) ) {
362 $letters = wfGetPrecompiledData( "first-letters-root.ser" );
363 // Append additional characters
364 $letters = array_merge( $letters, self::$tailoringFirstLetters[$this->locale] );
365 // Remove unnecessary ones, if any
366 if ( isset( self::$tailoringFirstLetters['-' . $this->locale] ) ) {
367 $letters = array_diff( $letters, self::$tailoringFirstLetters['-' . $this->locale] );
368 }
369 } else {
370 $letters = wfGetPrecompiledData( "first-letters-{$this->locale}.ser" );
371 if ( $letters === false ) {
372 throw new MWException( "MediaWiki does not support ICU locale " .
373 "\"{$this->locale}\"" );
374 }
375 }
376
377 // Sort the letters.
378 //
379 // It's impossible to have the precompiled data file properly sorted,
380 // because the sort order changes depending on ICU version. If the
381 // array is not properly sorted, the binary search will return random
382 // results.
383 //
384 // We also take this opportunity to remove primary collisions.
385 $letterMap = array();
386 foreach ( $letters as $letter ) {
387 $key = $this->getPrimarySortKey( $letter );
388 if ( isset( $letterMap[$key] ) ) {
389 // Primary collision
390 // Keep whichever one sorts first in the main collator
391 if ( $this->mainCollator->compare( $letter, $letterMap[$key] ) < 0 ) {
392 $letterMap[$key] = $letter;
393 }
394 } else {
395 $letterMap[$key] = $letter;
396 }
397 }
398 ksort( $letterMap, SORT_STRING );
399 // Remove duplicate prefixes. Basically if something has a sortkey
400 // which is a prefix of some other sortkey, then it is an
401 // expansion and probably should not be considered a section
402 // header.
403 //
404 // For example 'þ' is sometimes sorted as if it is the letters
405 // 'th'. Other times it is its own primary element. Another
406 // example is '₨'. Sometimes its a currency symbol. Sometimes it
407 // is an 'R' followed by an 's'.
408 //
409 // Additionally an expanded element should always sort directly
410 // after its first element due to they way sortkeys work.
411 //
412 // UCA sortkey elements are of variable length but no collation
413 // element should be a prefix of some other element, so I think
414 // this is safe. See:
415 // * https://ssl.icu-project.org/repos/icu/icuhtml/trunk/design/collation/ICU_collation_design.htm
416 // * http://site.icu-project.org/design/collation/uca-weight-allocation
417 //
418 // Additionally, there is something called primary compression to
419 // worry about. Basically, if you have two primary elements that
420 // are more than one byte and both start with the same byte then
421 // the first byte is dropped on the second primary. Additionally
422 // either \x03 or \xFF may be added to mean that the next primary
423 // does not start with the first byte of the first primary.
424 //
425 // This shouldn't matter much, as the first primary is not
426 // changed, and that is what we are comparing against.
427 //
428 // tl;dr: This makes some assumptions about how icu implements
429 // collations. It seems incredibly unlikely these assumptions
430 // will change, but nonetheless they are assumptions.
431
432 $prev = false;
433 $duplicatePrefixes = array();
434 foreach ( $letterMap as $key => $value ) {
435 // Remove terminator byte. Otherwise the prefix
436 // comparison will get hung up on that.
437 $trimmedKey = rtrim( $key, "\0" );
438 if ( $prev === false || $prev === '' ) {
439 $prev = $trimmedKey;
440 // We don't yet have a collation element
441 // to compare against, so continue.
442 continue;
443 }
444
445 // Due to the fact the array is sorted, we only have
446 // to compare with the element directly previous
447 // to the current element (skipping expansions).
448 // An element "X" will always sort directly
449 // before "XZ" (Unless we have "XY", but we
450 // do not update $prev in that case).
451 if ( substr( $trimmedKey, 0, strlen( $prev ) ) === $prev ) {
452 $duplicatePrefixes[] = $key;
453 // If this is an expansion, we don't want to
454 // compare the next element to this element,
455 // but to what is currently $prev
456 continue;
457 }
458 $prev = $trimmedKey;
459 }
460 foreach ( $duplicatePrefixes as $badKey ) {
461 wfDebug( "Removing '{$letterMap[$badKey]}' from first letters." );
462 unset( $letterMap[$badKey] );
463 // This code assumes that unsetting does not change sort order.
464 }
465 $data = array(
466 'chars' => array_values( $letterMap ),
467 'keys' => array_keys( $letterMap ),
468 'version' => self::FIRST_LETTER_VERSION,
469 );
470
471 // Reduce memory usage before caching
472 unset( $letterMap );
473
474 // Save to cache
475 $this->firstLetterData = $data;
476 $cache->set( $cacheKey, $data, 86400 * 7 /* 1 week */ );
477 return $data;
478 }
479
480 function getLetterByIndex( $index ) {
481 if ( $this->firstLetterData === null ) {
482 $this->getFirstLetterData();
483 }
484 return $this->firstLetterData['chars'][$index];
485 }
486
487 function getSortKeyByLetterIndex( $index ) {
488 if ( $this->firstLetterData === null ) {
489 $this->getFirstLetterData();
490 }
491 return $this->firstLetterData['keys'][$index];
492 }
493
494 function getFirstLetterCount() {
495 if ( $this->firstLetterData === null ) {
496 $this->getFirstLetterData();
497 }
498 return count( $this->firstLetterData['chars'] );
499 }
500
501 /**
502 * Do a binary search, and return the index of the largest item that sorts
503 * less than or equal to the target value.
504 *
505 * @param array $valueCallback A function to call to get the value with
506 * a given array index.
507 * @param int $valueCount The number of items accessible via $valueCallback,
508 * indexed from 0 to $valueCount - 1
509 * @param array $comparisonCallback A callback to compare two values, returning
510 * -1, 0 or 1 in the style of strcmp().
511 * @param string $target The target value to find.
512 *
513 * @return int|bool The item index of the lower bound, or false if the target value
514 * sorts before all items.
515 */
516 function findLowerBound( $valueCallback, $valueCount, $comparisonCallback, $target ) {
517 if ( $valueCount === 0 ) {
518 return false;
519 }
520
521 $min = 0;
522 $max = $valueCount;
523 do {
524 $mid = $min + ( ( $max - $min ) >> 1 );
525 $item = call_user_func( $valueCallback, $mid );
526 $comparison = call_user_func( $comparisonCallback, $target, $item );
527 if ( $comparison > 0 ) {
528 $min = $mid;
529 } elseif ( $comparison == 0 ) {
530 $min = $mid;
531 break;
532 } else {
533 $max = $mid;
534 }
535 } while ( $min < $max - 1 );
536
537 if ( $min == 0 ) {
538 $item = call_user_func( $valueCallback, $min );
539 $comparison = call_user_func( $comparisonCallback, $target, $item );
540 if ( $comparison < 0 ) {
541 // Before the first item
542 return false;
543 }
544 }
545 return $min;
546 }
547
548 static function isCjk( $codepoint ) {
549 foreach ( self::$cjkBlocks as $block ) {
550 if ( $codepoint >= $block[0] && $codepoint <= $block[1] ) {
551 return true;
552 }
553 }
554 return false;
555 }
556
557 /**
558 * Return the version of ICU library used by PHP's intl extension,
559 * or false when the extension is not installed of the version
560 * can't be determined.
561 *
562 * The constant INTL_ICU_VERSION this function refers to isn't really
563 * documented. It is available since PHP 5.3.7 (see PHP bug 54561).
564 * This function will return false on older PHPs.
565 *
566 * @since 1.21
567 * @return string|false
568 */
569 static function getICUVersion() {
570 return defined( 'INTL_ICU_VERSION' ) ? INTL_ICU_VERSION : false;
571 }
572
573 /**
574 * Return the version of Unicode appropriate for the version of ICU library
575 * currently in use, or false when it can't be determined.
576 *
577 * @since 1.21
578 * @return string|false
579 */
580 static function getUnicodeVersionForICU() {
581 $icuVersion = IcuCollation::getICUVersion();
582 if ( !$icuVersion ) {
583 return false;
584 }
585
586 $versionPrefix = substr( $icuVersion, 0, 3 );
587 // Source: http://site.icu-project.org/download
588 $map = array(
589 '50.' => '6.2',
590 '49.' => '6.1',
591 '4.8' => '6.0',
592 '4.6' => '6.0',
593 '4.4' => '5.2',
594 '4.2' => '5.1',
595 '4.0' => '5.1',
596 '3.8' => '5.0',
597 '3.6' => '5.0',
598 '3.4' => '4.1',
599 );
600
601 if ( isset( $map[$versionPrefix] ) ) {
602 return $map[$versionPrefix];
603 } else {
604 return false;
605 }
606 }
607 }